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Rosenwald Schools and the one at Santa Fee Church

More on Julius Rosenwald, the marketing pioneer who funded Rosenwald Schools. Notes include Byron Crawford's conjecture on the origin of 2-e Fee in Santa Fee Baptist Church, other questions about historical possibilities.

By Vonnie Kolbenschlag

Julius Rosenwald, CEO of Sears, Roebuck & Company was a wealthy Jewish man, who saw the potential of rural free delivery that was begun in U.S. at that time. He started the Sears catalog and that led to his success and wealth. He wanted to use his money to stop racial inequalities. At that time there were no public schools for the African American children in the former slave states.



At the same time Booker T. Washington, a brilliant African American, who was president of Tuskegee Institute - his story of how that came about is interesting - met with Rosenwald and they devised a way to build schools throughout 15 southern segregated states. They originated the matching grant program to involve local school boards and parents. Parents provided labor to build and scraped together money to meet the match.

They built 4,977 schools, 217 teacher homes and 163 vocational shops throughout the South. Rosenwald also funded YMCAs for African Americans.

Booker T. Washington once engaged Mark Twain to speak at a fund raiser. Twain mentions this in his autobiography. Twain knows Washington is "building schools all over the south." Twain as a speaker brought large crowds.

Rosenwald schools were well built and up-to-date for the time. The windows were on two sides for light and air circulation. Grids on the windows gave security and protection. Partitions were movable to form individaul rooms or one large room for community meetings. Lots had to be large to offer a place to play. Parents had to maintain the buildings.

The Adair County church is Santa Fee (2 e's)

The church is Santa Fee ( 2 e's ) I think the people here pronounce it as "feee"( long e) I have asked Sammy Hughes and some others from the church where that name came from and no one seemed to know.

I was talking to Byron Crawford one time about this name and he said, "You know the man who started Berea, was named Fee. I said that may have been the reason! What Fee was up against surely made him a saint - or santa - He worked to have black and white kids educated together.

Did the people who named the church know about Berea? It's interesting how people found out about things when they didn' have CM. I don't know how to prove why things are named as they are - Guardian and Fortune - Morris Grubbs is working on that.

I thought maybe there was a novel in the late 1700s that Columbia founders may have read that influenced that name. He said he'd think about it because it intrigues him, too.

Background information

Background information. Rosenwald Schools had a great impact on education and how Rosenwald and Washington could get so much done working with so many uneducated people without telephones, electric, good transportation, I'll never know.

Jackman's name wrong in earlier accounts

I got Jackman's name wrong. It was Parker C. Hardin. not Hiram as is written a couple places in the references I read, who bought the Trabue house, He was an attorney. I'm not sure where he was born. Varble has him coming to Columbia from "off." Parker Hardin Jackman was born in Russell County. (too many Parker Hardins to keep straight - Parker Hardin Jackman could not have bought the Trabue house as one might read. He was a generation after Parker C. Hardin.)

This came from Jackman's great granddaughter who read Crawford's column in the Courier-Journal. She sent additional information which I put in the Adair County Library.Parker Hardin was an attorney here. He bought Trabue's house at auction. I think I remember Varble connecting Hardin as a boy friend with Jane Lampton.

This was all before DNA testing - but the name meant something... Mike Watson said "Jackman" was an unusual KY. name. The Jackman family lived in Russell County and that is where Parker Hardin was born.


This story was posted on 2009-08-20 03:53:25
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Rosenwald School, restoration stage August 2009



2009-08-18 - Corner KY 61 S. and Jones Chapel RD, Columbia, KY - Photo by Shamarie Claiborne.
Shamarie Claiborne's photograph taken in early August, 2009, shows the wonderful progress being made to preserve one of Adair County's most treasured educational icons, the Santa Fee School, the only one of five Rosenwald schools in Adair County which is still standing. The schools had distinctive windows which gave students sunlight and a look to the outside world to enjoy, imagine, and envision a much brighter future.To read more on Rosenwald Schools and to view other photos, check out these CM links: Rosenwald Schools

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